语法知识主谓一致的解析

时间:2012-05-01 07:20:45
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  语法是掌握英语的一个基础,打好这个基础会使你分析文章更容易,也能够写出很好的句式,小编整理了主谓一致的语法点,供大家学习参考。

  主谓一致

  I.要点

  谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致,主谓一致包括语法一致、意义上一致和就近一致。

  1、语法上一致

  (1)、以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词要用单数,主语为复数时,谓语用复数,如,

  To work hard is necessary for a student.

  (2)、用and或both……and连接的并列主语,谓语动词用复数,如,

  Both he and I are right.

  但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数,如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

  (3)、主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等,谓语动词仍用单数,如,

  The teacher as well as his students is excited.

  (4)、某些不定代词,如做主语,谓语动词要用单数,如:Everyone has a book.

  (5)、一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数,如,A lot of people are dancing outside.

  2、意义上一致

  (1)、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数,如,

  Twenty years is not a long time.

  (2)、表示总称意义的名词public, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词用复数,如,

  People are talking about the accident.

  (3)、有些集合名词,如family, team等作主语,如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数,如指其中每个成员,则用复数,如,

  My family is a big one.

  My family are watching TV.

  3、邻近一致

  用连词or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动词按就近一致原则,与最靠近它的主语一致,如,

  Either you o

r I am mad.

  II.例题

  例1、The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.

  A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built

  解析:该题答案为A。works形式上是复数,意思上是单数,因此谓语动词用单数,类似的还有news, maths, politics, physics.

  例2、They each _______ a copy of the new physics.

  A. have B. has C. having D. gets

  解析:该题答案为A。They each不等于each of …, each of 这个词组作主语谓语用单数如each of the students hands in their homework,而they each作主语,谓语要随each前面的词来变化。

语法知识主谓一致的解析

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