染雾prae- [pre-]
prae- [前缀，表“在…之前”]
tendere [to extend] * see ten-
tendere [延伸，延长] *参见 ten-
pretend， assume， affect， simulate， feign， fake， counterfeit
These verbs all mean to take on a false or misleading appearance.
这些动词都指采用虚伪的或误导的表象。
Pretend often suggests
Pretend 经常暗示一种徒劳地或明显地去愚弄或欺骗：
“My bedmate pretended to be asleep” (George W. Cable).
“我的枕边人假装睡着了” (乔治·W·凯布尔)。
Assume may—but does not necessarily—connote dishonesty, insincerity, or trickery:
Assume 有可能——但是并不必然地——意味着不诚实，不诚心或欺骗：
“Assume a virtue, if you have it not” (Shakespeare).
“假如你没有美德的话，那就假装你有美德” (莎士比亚)。
I assumed an air of confidence that I was far from feeling.
在我远远感受不到自信时，我显示出一副自信的神气。
Affect suggests an effort to give the appearance of something either out of personal preference or to make an impression:
Affect 暗示了一种出于个人喜好或想要留下好印象而有意显示出某种神态的努力：
“He affects the disdainful petulance of a rock star” (Annalyn Swan).
“他假装出摇滚明星般倔傲的任性” (阿那林·斯旺)。
Simulate emphasizes the assumption of an appearance or a form that closely resembles reality:
Simulate 强调外表的假装或近似现实的形式：
“A . . . verdant scum upon the surface of deep pools simulated the turf that had been removed” (John Lothrop Motley). The remaining terms—feign, fake, and counterfeit —all imply at least a measure of deliberate sham.
“深潭表面上青绿的浮藻给人一种假象，好象草地被转移了” (约翰·洛恩罗普莫·特利)。剩下的几个词如feign，fake 和 counterfeit 都暗示有某种程度的虚假。
Feign suggests false representation or fictitious fabrication:
Feign 指错误的表现或人为的制造：
The child feigned a look of innocence when his mother asked who had eaten the cake.
当他妈妈问谁吃了蛋糕时，那个小孩装出无辜的表情
Fake implies fraudulent simulation:
Fake 指欺骗性的伪装和冒充：
He faked an interest in my work.
他假装对我的工作感兴趣。
Counterfeit denotes a close imitation that can often pass for an original:
Counterfeit 暗指几乎可以假乱真的很相近的模仿：
“Full well they laughed with counterfeited glee” (Oliver Goldsmith).
“他们带着伪装得极好的喜悦大笑” (奥利弗·哥尔德史密斯)
/