初中英语语法总结

时间:2017-04-07 04:30:39
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初中英语语法大全总结

  总结就是把一个时间段取得的成绩、存在的问题及得到的经验和教训进行一次全面系统的总结的书面材料,它可以帮助我们总结以往思想,发扬成绩,不如我们来制定一份总结吧。总结怎么写才是正确的呢?以下是小编收集整理的初中英语语法大全总结,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。

  实义动词与非实义动词

  【—:实义动词与非实义动词】下面是对英语中实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解,希望同学们很好的`掌握。

  实义动词与非实义动词

  根据其含义和句子功用,动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如:

  He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词)

  He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词,read为实意动词)

  He sh

ould read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词)

  上面对实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解学习,相信同学们已经能很好的掌握了吧,希望同学们考试成功。

  辅导之构词法

  【—辅导之构词法】关于构词法的英语语法知识,希望同学们认真学习。

  构词法

  英语构词法主要有:合成法、派生法和转换法。

  1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。

  2、派生法:

  (1)派生名词:①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge

  (2)派生形容词:①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious

  (3)派生副词:①形容词+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。

  3、转换法:

  (1)形容词→动词,如:dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。

  (2)动词→名词,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。

  (3)名词→动词,如:hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)等等。

  (4)形容词→副词,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。

  (5)副词→连词,如:when(什么时候)→(当……时候),等等。

  (6)介词→副词,如:in(到……里)→(在里面;在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续),等等。

  一般过去时用法的语法

  【—一般过去时用法的】一般过去时表示在过去确定的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态或者是在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。

  1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

  时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

  Where did you go just now?

  2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。

  When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

  3)句型:

  It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"

  It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"

  It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

  It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事

  Id rather you came tomorrow.

  4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。

  I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

  比较:

  一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。

  Christine was an invalid all her life.

  (含义:她已不在人间。)

  Christine has been an invalid all her life.

  (含义:她现在还活着)

  Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.

  (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

  Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.

  ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)

  注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。

  1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。

  Did you want anything else?

  I wondered if you could help me.

  2)情态动词 could, would.

  Could you lend me your bike?

  一般过去式与一般现在时所表示的很相像,但一个表示过去,一个表示的是现在所发生的。

  need语法

  【—need】didnt need to do的意思是过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。而neednt have done则表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。

  初中英语语法大全:need "不必做"和"本不该做"

  didnt need to do表示: 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.

  neednt have done表示: 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。

  John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didnt need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她不必步行回家了。

  John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she neednt have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家,没有遇上John的车。)

  典型例题

  There was plenty of time. She ___.

  A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurried C. must not hurry D. neednt have hurried

  答案D。neednt have done. 意为 "本不必",即已经做了某事,而时实际上不必要。

  Mustnt have done 用法不正确,对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldnt have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)。

初中英语语法总结

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