染雾英文语法杂谈 篇一
Aspects of English Grammar: Understanding Verb Tenses
English grammar can be a challenging aspect of language learning, especially when it comes to understanding verb tenses. Verbs play a crucial role in sentence structure and convey important information about the timing of actions. In this article, we will explore the different verb tenses in English and how they are used.
There are three main categories of verb tenses in English: past, present, and future. Each category is further divided into simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous tenses. Let's take a closer look at each category:
1. Past Tenses:
- Simple Past: Used to describe actions that were completed in the past. For example, "She finished her homework last night."
- Past Continuous: Used to describe actions that were ongoing in the past. For example, "They were studying when the power went out."
- Past Perfect: Used to describe actions that were completed before another action in the past. For example, "He had already left when she arrived."
- Past Perfect Continuous: Used to describe actions that were ongoing before another action in the past. For example, "They had been working on the project for hours before they took a break."
2. Present Tenses:
- Simple Present: Used to describe actions that are habitual or factual. For example, "I go to the gym every morning."
- Present Continuous: Used to describe actions that are happening at the moment of speaking. For example, "She is reading a book right now."
- Present Perfect: Used to describe actions that were completed at an unspecified time in the past. For example, "I have already seen that movie."
- Present Perfect Continuous: Used to describe actions that started in the past and are still ongoing. For example, "They have been waiting for over an hour."
3. Future Tenses:
- Simple Future: Used to describe actions that will happen in the future. For example, "I will call you tomorrow."
- Future Continuous: Used to describe actions that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future. For example, "They will be having dinner when you arrive."
- Future Perfect: Used to describe actions that will be completed before another action in the future. For example, "By the time you get here, I will have finished cooking."
- Future Perfect Continuous: Used to describe actions that will be ongoing for a period of time before another action in the future. For example, "They will have been waiting for two hours by the time the show starts."
Understanding verb tenses is essential for effective communication in English. By mastering the different tenses and knowing when to use them, you can express yourself clearly and accurately. Practice using verb tenses in your writing and speaking to improve your English grammar skills.
英文语法杂谈 篇三
英文语法杂谈(2)：分词
分词的相关语法（Participle）
三、用分词作为状语(Adverbial Modifier)
3.1 用作状语的分词和逻辑主语是“主动关系”。表示动作和谓语的动作同时发生。
1. David was lying in bed crying. (逻辑主语David，分词crying)
2. We walked along the banks singing merrily.. (逻辑主语we，分词singing)
3.2 现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用现在分词完成式(Present
Perfect Participle)
1. Having written the letter, I went out to post it. (现在完成式分词having written)
2. Having already seen the film twice, she didn't want to go to the cinema. (having seen)
3.3 用作状语的分词和逻辑主语有“被动关系”，要用过去分词(Past Participle)
1. We went home exhausted(疲惫地). (逻辑主语we, 过去分词exhausted)
2. Encouraged by my teacher, I decided to work hard. (逻辑主语I，过去分词encouraged)
3.4 用作状语的.分词和逻辑主语有“被动关系”，也可用被动式的现在分词(having been + v-ed)
1. Having been invited to speak, I'll start making preparations tomorrow.(逻辑主语I, 被动式现在分词having been invited)
3.5 有的分词在句子中没有逻辑主语，这类特别分词有：regarding 关于，barring 除……以外，concerning 关于，granting /granted(that) 假定、即使，presuming 假定，admitting (that) 承认， considering考虑到，assuming 假设，seeing that 考虑到，supposing (that) 假定，given (that)考虑到、如果……
1. He did poorly in his examinations, considering how hard he had atudiedfor them.
2. Granted that he has enough money to buy the house, it doesn't meanhe's going to do so.
3. He asked me questions concerning my health.
还有分词词组：
taking...into consideration 考虑到，judging by /from 从……判断，talking about 说到……，speaking of 说到……，looking at 考虑到、着眼于，generally speaking 一般说来，allowing for 考虑到……
1. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in such activities that girls.
2. Allowing for the deficiencies(不足), the show is a success.
上回谈到用分词作为状语，谈得比较深入。下面提供几个比较常用的句子以供参考：
1. Being a stud
2. Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can
