英语动词不定式用法 篇一
不定式是英语中的一种动词形式,它通常由“to”加上动词原形构成。英语动词不定式有多种用法,下面将介绍其中几种常见的用法。
首先,不定式可以用作动词的宾语。例如,在句子“I want to learn English”中,不定式“to learn”作为动词“want”的宾语,表示想要做某事。同样地,在句子“She needs to finish her homework”中,不定式“to finish”作为动词“needs”的宾语,表示需要做某事。
其次,不定式可以用作动词的主语。例如,在句子“To travel is my dream”中,不定式“to travel”作为动词“is”的主语,表示做某事是我的梦想。同样地,在句子“To speak English fluently requires practice”中,不定式“to speak”作为动词“requires”的主语,表示需要练习才能流利地说英语。
此外,不定式还可以用作动词的表语。例如,在句子“My goal is to become a doctor”中,不定式“to become”作为动词“is”的表语,表示我的目标是成为一名医生。同样地,在句子“Their duty is to protect the environment”中,不定式“to protect”作为动词“is”的表语,表示他们的责任是保护环境。
最后,不定式还可以用作动词的状语。例如,在句子“He studies hard to improve his grades”中,不定式“to improve”作为动词“studies”的状语,表示为了提高成绩他努力学习。同样地,在句子“She exercises regularly to stay healthy”中,不定式“to stay”作为动词“exercises”的状语,表示为了保持健康她定期锻炼。
总之,英语动词不定式有多种用法,可以作为动词的宾语、主语、表语和状语。熟练掌握不定式的用法不仅有助于提高英语表达能力,还能使语言更加准确和流利。
英语动词不定式用法 篇二
不定式是英语中一种重要的动词形式,它具有多种用法和功能。在本文中,将介绍不定式的几种常见用法。
首先,不定式可以用作动词的宾语。在这种情况下,不定式通常跟在某些动词后面,例如“want”、“like”、“hope”等。例如,在句子“I want to go to the park”中,不定式“to go”作为动词“want”的宾语,表示想要去公园。同样地,在句子“She likes to play soccer”中,不定式“to play”作为动词“likes”的宾语,表示喜欢踢足球。
其次,不定式可以用作动词的主语。在这种情况下,不定式通常用于表示一般的真理、理想或抽象概念。例如,在句子“To err is human”中,不定式“to err”作为动词“is”的主语,表示犯错是人之常情。同样地,在句子“To love is to be vulnerable”中,不定式“to love”作为动词“is”的主语,表示爱就是让自己变得脆弱。
此外,不定式还可以用作动词的表语。在这种情况下,不定式通常用于表示动作或状态的性质、特征或目的。例如,在句子“My dream is to travel around the world”中,不定式“to travel”作为动词“is”的表语,表示我的梦想是环游世界。同样地,在句子“The purpose of education is to empower individuals”中,不定式“to empower”作为动词“is”的表语,表示教育的目的是使个人变得有能力。
最后,不定式还可以用作动词的状语。在这种情况下,不定式通常用于表示动作的目的、结果、原因或方式。例如,在句子“He works hard to achieve his goals”中,不定式“to achieve”作为动词“works”的状语,表示为了实现他的目标他努力工作。同样地,在句子“She sings to express her emotions”中,不定式“to express”作为动词“sings”的状语,表示为了表达她的情感她唱歌。
总之,不定式在英语中具有多种用法和功能,可以用作动词的宾语、主语、表语和状语。熟练掌握不定式的用法有助于提高英语表达能力,并使语言更加准确和流利。
英语动词不定式用法 篇三
小编搜集整理的英语动词不定式用法的内容,希望大家喜欢。
动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。这一使动者我们称之为 逻辑主语,其形式如下:
(1)语态
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如:
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)
He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)
在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
(2)时态
1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
He seems
to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时:
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
一般在情绪后加to do to do 也表将来
编辑本段疑问词+不定式结构疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表 语等。如:
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语)
②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语)
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语)
④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语)
以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I
could learn…
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
语法功能一、作主语
动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:
(1)把不定式置于句首。如:
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如:
①It+be+名词+to do
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
②It takes sb+some time+to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an h
It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.
④It seems(appears)+形容词+to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式 ,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.
(3)举例
(1) It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
It's so nice to hear your voice.
听到你的声音真高兴。
It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。
(2) It's very kind of him to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。
Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。
注意:(1) 其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型
(2) 不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。
(3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型
(对)To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
(错)It is to believe to see.