染雾会计英语期末试卷 篇一
第一篇内容
1. What are the basic principles of accounting?
The basic principles of accounting include the accrual principle, the consistency principle, the going concern principle, the matching principle, the materiality principle, the monetary unit principle, the objectivity principle, the prudence principle, and the revenue recognition principle.
2. Define the term "double-entry bookkeeping".
Double-entry bookkeeping is a method of recording financial transactions in which every transaction is recorded in at least two different accounts - a debit and a credit. This ensures that the accounting equation (assets = liabilities + equity) remains in balance.
3. What is the purpose of the income statement?
The income statement, also known as the profit and loss statement, shows the financial performance of a company over a specific period of time. Its purpose is to provide information on revenues, expenses, gains, and losses, and to determine the net income or net loss of the business.
4. Explain the concept of depreciation.
Depreciation is the gradual decrease in the value of an asset over time. It is recorded as an expense on the income statement and is used to allocate the cost of an asset over its useful life. Depreciation allows companies to match the cost of an asset with the revenue it generates.
5. What is the purpose of the statement of cash flows?
The statement of cash flows shows the inflows and outflows of cash in a company during a specific period of time. It provides information on the cash generated from operating activities, cash used in investing activities, and cash used in financing activities. The purpose of this statement is to assess the company's liquidity and ability to generate future cash flows.
6. Explain the difference between accounts payable and accounts receivable.
Accounts payable are the amounts owed by a company to its suppliers or creditors for goods or services received but not yet paid for. Accounts receivable, on the other hand, are the amounts owed to a company by its customers for goods or services sold on credit but not yet collected.
7. What is the purpose of the statement of retained earnings?
The statement of retained earnings shows the changes in a company's retained earnings over a specific period of time. It reflects the company's net income or net loss, dividends paid to shareholders, and any other adjustments that affect the retained earnings. The purpose of this statement is to provide information on how the company's earnings have been retained or distributed to the shareholders.
8. Explain the concept of goodwill.
Goodwill is an intangible asset that represents the value of a company's reputation, customer base, and other non-physical attributes. It is recorded on the balance sheet when a company acquires another company for a price that exceeds the fair market value of its net assets. Goodwill is not amortized but is subject to impairment testing.
9. What is the difference between financial accounting and managerial accounting?
Financial accounting is concerned with the preparation of financial statements for external users, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory agencies. It focuses on providing accurate and reliable financial information that is useful for decision-making. Managerial accounting, on the other hand, is concerned with providing financial information to internal users, such as managers and employees, to aid in planning, controlling, and decision-making within the organization.
10. Explain the concept of net present value (NPV).
Net present value is a financial metric used to evaluate the profitability of an investment or project. It is calculated by subtracting the initial investment cost from the present value of the expected cash inflows generated by the investment. A positive NPV indicates that the investment is expected to generate more cash inflows than the initial investment cost, while a negative NPV indicates the opposite.
会计英语期末试卷 篇二
第二篇内容
1. What is the accounting equation and how does it relate to the balance sheet?
The accounting equation states that assets = liabilities + equity. It represents the fundamental relationship between a company's resources (assets), its obligations (liabilities), and the residual interest of the owners (equity). The balance sheet is a financial statement that presents the company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time, and it is based on the accounting equation.
2. Define the term "liquidity" and explain its importance in financial analysis.
Liquidity refers to a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations with its available cash or other liquid assets. It is an important measure of financial health and stability, as it indicates the company's ability to pay its bills and cover its operating expenses. Financial analysts often use liquidity ratios, such as the current ratio and the quick ratio, to assess a company's liquidity position.
3. What is the purpose of the statement of comprehensive income?
The statement of comprehensive income provides information on all the changes in a company's equity during a specific period of time, including both revenues and expenses that are recognized in the income statement, as well as other comprehensive income items that are not included in the income statement. Its purpose is to present a comprehensive view of the company's financial performance and to disclose any other items that may affect the company's equity.
4. Explain the concept of inventory valuation.
Inventory valuation is the process of assigning a monetary value to the goods or products held by a company for sale. There are different methods of inventory valuation, including the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method, and the weighted average cost method. The choice of inventory valuation method affects the cost of goods sold and the value of the inventory on the balance sheet.
5. What is the purpose of the statement of changes in equity?
The statement of changes in equity shows the changes in a company's equity during a specific period of time, including the effects of net income or net loss, dividends declared and paid, changes in accounting policies, and any other items that affect the equity. Its purpose is to provide information on how the company's equity has changed over time and to reconcile the beginning and ending balances of the equity accounts.
6. Explain the concept of cost of goods sold (COGS).
Cost of goods sold is the direct cost of producing or acquiring the goods or products that a company sells to its customers. It includes the cost of materials, direct labor, and other direct costs that are directly attributable to the production or acquisition of the goods. COGS is an important expense item on the income statement and is subtracted from the company's revenues to determine its gross profit.
7. What is the purpose of the statement of financial position?
The statement of financial position, also known as the balance sheet, provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time. It presents the company's assets, liabilities, and equity, and it shows the company's net worth or book value. The purpose of this statement is to provide information on the company's financial condition, its ability to meet its obligations, and the investment value of its equity.
8. Explain the concept of return on investment (ROI).
Return on investment is a financial ratio that measures the profitability of an investment or project relative to its cost. It is calculated by dividing the net profit or net income generated by the investment by the initial investment cost, and it is expressed as a percentage. ROI is commonly used by investors and managers to assess the efficiency and profitability of an investment or project.
9. What is the difference between a current asset and a non-current asset?
A current asset is an asset that is expected to be converted into cash or used up within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer. Examples of current assets include cash, accounts receivable, and inventory. A non-current asset, on the other hand, is an asset that is expected to provide economic benefits for more than one year or one operating cycle. Examples of non-current assets include property, plant, and equipment, and long-term investments.
10. Explain the concept of working capital.
Working capital is a measure of a company's short-term liquidity and its ability to meet its current obligations. It is calculated by subtracting the current liabilities from the current assets, and it represents the amount of capital that is available to fund the company's day-to-day operations. Positive working capital indicates that the company has enough current assets to cover its current liabilities, while negative working capital indicates the opposite.
会计英语期末试卷 篇三
会计专业英语期末考试试卷1
考试时间：2小时 总分：100分
一、判断：每题1分，共10分(正确的在题后括号内打钩，错误的打叉。)
1、Retained earning is not an asset; it is an element of stockholders’ equity. ( )
2、在收付实现制下，收入是按照它在实际发生的期间，而不是实际收取现款的期间登记入账。( )
3、The subsidiary accounts receivable ledger trial balance should agree with the balance of the accounts receivable account in the general ledger.( )
4、Cash budgets are not important to the management of cash flows. ( ) 5、Profits decrease the owner’s equity in the business. ( ) 6、All inventories shall be taken stock periodically. ( )
7、In the periodic inventory system(实地盘存制), the business does not keep a continuous record of the inventory on hand. ( )
8、Non-current liabilities are obligations that must be paid within one year or the operating cycle (whichever is longer). ( )
9、Central to the definition of a contingent liability is the element ofuncertainty. ( ) 10、The owner’s equity in a business is increased by borrowing money froma bank. ( )
二、单项选择题：每题2分，共20分(每题只有1个正确答案，多选或选错不得分)
1、When an amount is entered on the ( ) side of an account, it is a credit, and theaccount is said to be credited.
A、left B、right C、left or right D、others
2、Which is not included in long-term assets? ( )
A、fixed assets B、intangible assets C、cash D、deferred assets
3、If a delivery truck costs $10,000 and has an estimated residual value(残值) of $2,000 at the end of its estimated useful life of five years, the annual depreciation would be( ) under the straight-line method. A、$2,400 B、$2,000 C、$1,800 D、$1,600
4、Total assets will be ( ) by the act of borrowing money from a bank. A、decreased B、increased C、remained (保持不变) D、uncertain
5、The owners of a corporation(股份公司)are termed (称为) ( ) A、stockholders B、investors C、creditors D、none of above(都不是)
6、( )是指会计忽略通货膨胀影响，对货币价值变动不作调整。 A、the entity concept B、the going-concern concept
C、the time-period concept D、the stable-monetary-unity concept
7、( )要求会计核算应当以实际发生的经济业务为依据，如实反映财务状况和经营成果。
A、objective principle B、matching principle C、disclosure principle D、consistency principle
8、( )是指会计核算和财务报表应当按照规定的会计处理方法进行和编制，且其方法前后期不得随意变更。
A、objective principle B、matching principle C、disclosure principle D、consistency principle
9、销货成本是指以下哪一项?( )
A、sales returns B、cost of goods sold C、gross profit on sales D、delivery expense
10、( )explains the causes of the change in the cash balance. A、balance sheet B、income statement C、statement of cash flows D、all above
三、多项选择题：每题3分，共15分(每题有2到4个正确答案，多选、少选或选错不得分)
1、There must be a heading that identifies the Balance Sheet, including( ) A、The name of the business B、Income Statement C、Balance Sheet D、the date
2、A entity’s major activities include ( )
A、Operating B、Investing
C、Financing D、all above(以上都是)
3、Accelerated methods of depreciation includes ( )
A、the sum-of-the-years’-digits method B、the production method C、the declining-balance method D、all above
4、Owners’ equity includes ( )
A、Capital invested in by investors B、Capital reserve
C、Surplus reserve D、Undistributed profit
5、The owners’ equity comes from two sources: ( )
A、Investment by the owners B、Earnings from profitable operation C、Loss from unprofitable operation D、A and B
四、翻译：第3题6分，其余3分，共15分(请在空格处写出粗体字对应的英
语或汉语,汉译英每空对应一个单词)
1、应纳税收入 is a legal concept.
2、A good财务计划 is crucial to the success of your business.
3、In China, accountants rely on four fundamental accounting assumptions(假设)in recording business transactions: business entity concept , going concern concept, periodicity as
4、Another important element in the internal control system is internal auditing .
五、综合：共40分
1、配对：16分(请将题中特种日记账与所记录的特定交易的序号一一配对)
特种日记账 所记录的特定交易 (1)Sales Journal A、Sales on credit term
(2)Cash Receipts Journal B、Payments of cash(including cash purchases) (3)Invoice Register C、Receipts of cash (including cash sales) (4)Cash Disbursements Journal D、Purchases of merchandise and other items
(1) (2) (3) (4) 2、根据以下资料编制资产负债表的资产部分：24分
Assets
Notes Receivable 30,000 Office Supplies 30,000 Cash 10,000 Accounts Receivable 60,000 Office Equipment 60,000
[会计英语期末试卷]
