高考英语二轮语法专讲教案 第8讲 强调句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第8讲 强调句

高考英语二轮语法专讲精品教案 第8讲 强调句 来源：中学学科网 在课堂教学中，英语教师都按照下面的句型去施教。即：It is / was …that /who…用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。例如： I bought this car in that shop last month.(原始句) It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语) It was this car that I bought in that shop last month.(强调宾语) It was in that shop that I bought this car last month.(强调地点状语) It was last month that I bought this car in that shop.(强调时间状语) 就这样，再举几个例子，让学生练练，该语法讲解到此结束。可是，高考并不单纯考查这样一些基本的句式，下面几点还有待于老师去延伸讲解。 先请看下面的两个句子： (1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China. (2) It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment. 以上两个句子都是It is(was)…that…结构引导的强调句，在该句型中it没有任何意义，常用来强调主语、宾语、状语等。考查时常把被强调部分结构复杂化，即名词或代词后常跟有定语从句、动词不定式或同位语对名词起修饰，补充说明，同学们常把它和其它相似结构混淆，难以掌握。近几年的高考对强调句的考查常从以下几个方面进行，现归纳如下，希望同学们能突破这个难点。 一、强调句子主语 句子主语结构设置复杂，有跟不定式作定语的，有跟定语从句作定语的，还有用主语从句、并列结构或同位语结构的，这些会干扰同学们的解题思维，但只要我们抓住了句子的主干，问题也就迎刃而解了。如： It was what he did that made his parents upset. It is I who am responsible for this case. 注意：强调某人时，可以用who代替that, that(who)后部分的谓语动词要和被强调部分的主语部分在语法上保持一致。 【真题回顾1】It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters. （2005天津） A. that B. what C. which D. this 解析：题意是“是你所做的而不是你所说的起作用”，强调句子主语，主语是并列连词rather than 连接的两个主语从句充当，故选A。 二、强调句子中的时间、地点、方式等状语 这些状语可以是状语从句，介词短语，或介词短语中的`名词后再跟有定语从句等。如： It was because it was raining hard that I was late for school. It was with great joy that she accepted the birthday gift I bought for her. 【真题回顾2】 It was with great joy________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. （2004福建） A．because B．which C．since D．that 解析：强调作方式状语的介词短语，故选D。 如果对not…until句型进行强调时，常将not和until短语或引导的时间从句放在一起，置于It is(was)…that之间,其后部分用肯定形式，如： It was not until yesterday that I knew this. 【真题回顾3】 It wasn’t until nearly a month later I received the manager’s reply. （2005全国卷一二） A．since B．when C．as D．that 解析：句意是“直到近一个月后我才得到经理的答复。”强调not…until句型，要将not提前，和until一起

放到被强调的位置。故选D。 注意：强调时间状语和地点状语时，不用when和where。 三、强调句的一般问句和特殊问句 一般问句形式是：Is/Was it + 被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分？如: Was it during the Second World War that his grandfather died? 特殊问句形式是：特殊疑问词 + is/was +that/who + 句子其他成分？如： When is it that the school sports meeting will be held? 【真题回顾4】—___________that he managed to get the information? （2005山东） —Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 解析：根据下文的答语 a friend of his helped him可知上文是强调方式状语。故选C。 四、强调句和其他相似句型的区别 区分强调句和定语从句的方法是将It is /was…that/who去掉，句子成分完整，则是强调句，反之则是其他从句。 （一）强调句与定语从句 It was in the hall that we held the English party. （强调句，去掉it was…that后，句子成分仍完整：We held the English party in the hall.） It was the hall where (in which) we held the English party. (定语从句) （二）强调句与时间状语从句 It was four o’clock in the afternoon when they arrived at the museum. (when 引导时间状语从句) It was at four o’clock in the afternoon that they arrived at the museum. (强调句) 【真题回顾5】— Did Jack come back early last night? （2005福建） — Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock________ he arrived home. A．before B．when C．that D．until 解析：句意是“他到家时还不8点钟”，故是时间状语从句，而不是强调句，选B。 五、特殊的强调句型 英语中对谓语动词的强调一般是强调一般过去时或一般现在时的句子，方式是在谓语动词前加上相应时态的助动词do, does,或did，用于加强句子的语气，其后动词用原形。也可以在祈使句句首加助动词do表示强调。如： I do believe you. Do be careful.